"zwracać" meaning in All languages combined

See zwracać on Wiktionary

Verb [Polish]

IPA: /ˈzvra.t͡sat͡ɕ/
Rhymes: -at͡sat͡ɕ Etymology: From z- + wracać. Etymology templates: {{af|pl|z-|wracać}} z- + wracać Head templates: {{pl-verb|impf|pf=zwrócić}} zwracać impf (perfective zwrócić) Inflection templates: {{pl-conj-ai-am,asz|zwraca|pp}}, {{pl-conj-ai|zwracać|zwracam|zwraca|zwracają|zwraca|zwraca|zwraca|zwracaj|ip=zwracano|pp=zwracan|pp2=zwracani|vn=zwracanie}} Forms: zwrócić [perfective], imperfective [table-tags], zwracać [infinitive], zwracam [present, singular], zwracamy [plural, present], zwracasz [present, singular], zwracacie [plural, present], zwraca [present, singular, third-person], zwracają [plural, present, third-person], zwraca się [impersonal, present], zwracałem [masculine, past, singular], -(e)m zwracał [masculine, past, singular], zwracałam [feminine, past, singular], -(e)m zwracała [feminine, past, singular], zwracałom [neuter, past, singular], -(e)m zwracało [neuter, past, singular], zwracaliśmy [past, plural, virile], -(e)śmy zwracali [past, plural, virile], zwracałyśmy [nonvirile, past, plural], -(e)śmy zwracały [nonvirile, past, plural], zwracałeś [masculine, past, singular], -(e)ś zwracał [masculine, past, singular], zwracałaś [feminine, past, singular], -(e)ś zwracała [feminine, past, singular], zwracałoś [neuter, past, singular], -(e)ś zwracało [neuter, past, singular], zwracaliście [past, plural, virile], -(e)ście zwracali [past, plural, virile], zwracałyście [nonvirile, past, plural], -(e)ście zwracały [nonvirile, past, plural], zwracał [masculine, past, singular, third-person], zwracała [feminine, past, singular, third-person], zwracało [neuter, past, singular, third-person], zwracali [past, plural, third-person, virile], zwracały [nonvirile, past, plural, third-person], zwracano [impersonal, past], będę zwracał [future, masculine, singular], będę zwracać [future, masculine, singular], będę zwracała [feminine, future, singular], będę zwracać [feminine, future, singular], będę zwracało [future, neuter, singular], będę zwracać [future, neuter, singular], będziemy zwracali [future, plural, virile], będziemy zwracać [future, plural, virile], będziemy zwracały [future, nonvirile, plural], będziemy zwracać [future, nonvirile, plural], będziesz zwracał [future, masculine, singular], będziesz zwracać [future, masculine, singular], będziesz zwracała [feminine, future, singular], będziesz zwracać [feminine, future, singular], będziesz zwracało [future, neuter, singular], będziesz zwracać [future, neuter, singular], będziecie zwracali [future, plural, virile], będziecie zwracać [future, plural, virile], będziecie zwracały [future, nonvirile, plural], będziecie zwracać [future, nonvirile, plural], będzie zwracał [future, masculine, singular, third-person], będzie zwracać [future, masculine, singular, third-person], będzie zwracała [feminine, future, singular, third-person], będzie zwracać [feminine, future, singular, third-person], będzie zwracało [future, neuter, singular, third-person], będzie zwracać [future, neuter, singular, third-person], będą zwracali [future, plural, third-person, virile], będą zwracać [future, plural, third-person, virile], będą zwracały [future, nonvirile, plural, third-person], będą zwracać [future, nonvirile, plural, third-person], będzie zwracać się [future, impersonal], zwracałbym [conditional, masculine, singular], bym zwracał [conditional, masculine, singular], zwracałabym [conditional, feminine, singular], bym zwracała [conditional, feminine, singular], zwracałobym [conditional, neuter, singular], bym zwracało [conditional, neuter, singular], zwracalibyśmy [conditional, plural, virile], byśmy zwracali [conditional, plural, virile], zwracałybyśmy [conditional, nonvirile, plural], byśmy zwracały [conditional, nonvirile, plural], zwracałbyś [conditional, masculine, singular], byś zwracał [conditional, masculine, singular], zwracałabyś [conditional, feminine, singular], byś zwracała [conditional, feminine, singular], zwracałobyś [conditional, neuter, singular], byś zwracało [conditional, neuter, singular], zwracalibyście [conditional, plural, virile], byście zwracali [conditional, plural, virile], zwracałybyście [conditional, nonvirile, plural], byście zwracały [conditional, nonvirile, plural], zwracałby [conditional, masculine, singular, third-person], by zwracał [conditional, masculine, singular, third-person], zwracałaby [conditional, feminine, singular, third-person], by zwracała [conditional, feminine, singular, third-person], zwracałoby [conditional, neuter, singular, third-person], by zwracało [conditional, neuter, singular, third-person], zwracaliby [conditional, plural, third-person, virile], by zwracali [conditional, plural, third-person, virile], zwracałyby [conditional, nonvirile, plural, third-person], by zwracały [conditional, nonvirile, plural, third-person], zwracano by [conditional, impersonal], niech zwracam [imperative, singular], zwracajmy [imperative, plural], zwracaj [imperative, singular], zwracajcie [imperative, plural], niech zwraca [imperative, singular, third-person], niech zwracają [imperative, plural, third-person], zwracający [active, adjectival, masculine, participle, singular], zwracająca [active, adjectival, feminine, participle, singular], zwracające [active, adjectival, neuter, participle, singular], zwracający [active, adjectival, participle, plural, virile], zwracające [active, adjectival, nonvirile, participle, plural], zwracany [adjectival, masculine, participle, passive, singular], zwracana [adjectival, feminine, participle, passive, singular], zwracane [adjectival, neuter, participle, passive, singular], zwracani [adjectival, participle, passive, plural, virile], zwracane [adjectival, nonvirile, participle, passive, plural], zwracając [adjectival, contemporary, participle], zwracanie [noun-from-verb]
  1. (ditransitive) to give back, to return (to place back into the original owner's possession) [with dative ‘to whom’] Tags: ditransitive, imperfective Synonyms: oddawać
    Sense id: en-zwracać-pl-verb-WOz3wbWK
  2. (transitive) to turn in, to pay (to give a sum of money owed to a company, person, or institution) [with dative ‘to whom’] Tags: imperfective, transitive Categories (topical): Medical signs and symptoms
    Sense id: en-zwracać-pl-verb-MwOpDyOp Disambiguation of Medical signs and symptoms: 4 21 7 2 9 4 5 21 6 10 2 3 2 5 Categories (other): Polish terms prefixed with z- Disambiguation of Polish terms prefixed with z-: 8 10 7 4 8 9 5 9 5 7 6 7 6 10
  3. (transitive) to give back, to return (to give a purchased item back to a store in the hopes to regain the money spent) [with do (+ genitive) ‘to what store’] Tags: imperfective, transitive
    Sense id: en-zwracać-pl-verb-BVlhKGza
  4. (transitive) to turn, to shift, to swing (to change one's direction) Tags: imperfective, transitive Synonyms: odwracać
    Sense id: en-zwracać-pl-verb-4piy-cNR
  5. (transitive) to vomit, to throw up Tags: imperfective, transitive Synonyms: wymiotować
    Sense id: en-zwracać-pl-verb-E9hwbPOi Categories (other): Polish terms prefixed with z- Disambiguation of Polish terms prefixed with z-: 8 10 7 4 8 9 5 9 5 7 6 7 6 10
  6. (ditransitive) to give back, to return, to restore (to cause someone to regain something immaterial) [with dative ‘to whom’] Tags: ditransitive, imperfective
    Sense id: en-zwracać-pl-verb-HJvk5uMY Categories (other): Polish terms prefixed with z- Disambiguation of Polish terms prefixed with z-: 8 10 7 4 8 9 5 9 5 7 6 7 6 10
  7. (transitive, computing) to return (to pass data back to the calling procedure) Tags: imperfective, transitive Categories (topical): Computing
    Sense id: en-zwracać-pl-verb-BN03RaN0 Topics: computing, engineering, mathematics, natural-sciences, physical-sciences, sciences
  8. (reflexive with się) to be returned, to be given back (to give someone paid costs) Tags: imperfective, reflexive Categories (topical): Bodily fluids, Medical signs and symptoms Synonyms: wracać się
    Sense id: en-zwracać-pl-verb-0h7WZgHz Disambiguation of Bodily fluids: 3 11 7 1 8 5 8 30 4 13 2 2 1 4 Disambiguation of Medical signs and symptoms: 4 21 7 2 9 4 5 21 6 10 2 3 2 5 Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Polish entries with incorrect language header, Polish terms prefixed with z- Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 4 6 9 2 5 5 10 28 2 16 3 3 2 8 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 3 3 9 2 4 3 7 36 2 19 2 3 2 4 Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 4 9 8 1 5 5 10 28 2 16 3 2 2 6 Disambiguation of Polish terms prefixed with z-: 8 10 7 4 8 9 5 9 5 7 6 7 6 10
  9. (reflexive with się) to turn (to point one's body or more specifically one's head in some direction) Tags: imperfective, reflexive
    Sense id: en-zwracać-pl-verb-O2xnT28g
  10. (reflexive with się) to turn to, to address (to begin speaking to someone) [with do (+ genitive) ‘to whom’] Tags: imperfective, reflexive Synonyms: odzywać się, oyzwać
    Sense id: en-zwracać-pl-verb-4MZoI~wC
  11. (reflexive with się) to turn to (to direct a request) [with do (+ genitive) ‘to whom’; in addition, with po (+ accusative) or o (+ accusative) ‘for what’; or with żeby (+ infinitive or past-tense clause) ‘to do what’; in addition, with z (+ instrumental) ‘with what’] Tags: imperfective, reflexive
    Sense id: en-zwracać-pl-verb-ZUtSzgGJ
  12. (reflexive with się) to turn against (to work or act against someone) [with przeciwko (+ dative) ‘against whom/what’] Tags: imperfective, reflexive
    Sense id: en-zwracać-pl-verb-fgJFLbA3
  13. (reflexive with się) to turn to (to become interested in) [with do (+ genitive) or ku (+ dative) ‘to what’] Tags: imperfective, reflexive
    Sense id: en-zwracać-pl-verb-~m7xdV8x
  14. (reflexive with się, obsolete) to turn around (to change one's direction) Tags: imperfective, obsolete, reflexive
    Sense id: en-zwracać-pl-verb-M0bTeNYC Categories (other): Polish terms prefixed with z- Disambiguation of Polish terms prefixed with z-: 8 10 7 4 8 9 5 9 5 7 6 7 6 10
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: zwracać słowo [imperfective], zwrócić słowo [perfective], zwracać uwagę [imperfective], zwrócić uwagę [perfective] Related terms: zwrotny, zwrot, zwrotnica, zwrotnik

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "zwracać słowo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "zwrócić słowo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "zwracać uwagę"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "zwrócić uwagę"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "z-",
        "3": "wracać"
      },
      "expansion": "z- + wracać",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From z- + wracać.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "zwrócić",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-conj-ai-am,asz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracamy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracasz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracacie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwraca",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracają",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwraca się",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "impersonal",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracałem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m zwracał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracałam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m zwracała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracałom",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m zwracało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracaliśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)śmy zwracali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracałyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)śmy zwracały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracałeś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś zwracał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracałaś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś zwracała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracałoś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś zwracało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracaliście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ście zwracali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracałyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ście zwracały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "impersonal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będę zwracał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będę zwracać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będę zwracała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będę zwracać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będę zwracało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będę zwracać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziemy zwracali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziemy zwracać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziemy zwracały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziemy zwracać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziesz zwracał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziesz zwracać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziesz zwracała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziesz zwracać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziesz zwracało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziesz zwracać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziecie zwracali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziecie zwracać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziecie zwracały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziecie zwracać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będzie zwracał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będzie zwracać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będzie zwracała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będzie zwracać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będzie zwracało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będzie zwracać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będą zwracali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będą zwracać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będą zwracały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będą zwracać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będzie zwracać się",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "impersonal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracałbym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym zwracał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracałabym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym zwracała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracałobym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym zwracało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracalibyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byśmy zwracali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracałybyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byśmy zwracały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracałbyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś zwracał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracałabyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś zwracała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracałobyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś zwracało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracalibyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byście zwracali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracałybyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byście zwracały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracałby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by zwracał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracałaby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by zwracała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracałoby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by zwracało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracaliby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by zwracali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracałyby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by zwracały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracano by",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "impersonal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech zwracam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracajmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracaj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracajcie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech zwraca",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech zwracają",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracający",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "adjectival",
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracająca",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "adjectival",
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracające",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "adjectival",
        "neuter",
        "participle",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracający",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "adjectival",
        "participle",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracające",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "adjectival",
        "nonvirile",
        "participle",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracany",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracana",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracane",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "neuter",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracani",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracane",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "nonvirile",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracając",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "contemporary",
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracanie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "impf",
        "pf": "zwrócić"
      },
      "expansion": "zwracać impf (perfective zwrócić)",
      "name": "pl-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "zwra‧cać"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zwraca",
        "2": "pp"
      },
      "name": "pl-conj-ai-am,asz"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zwracać",
        "2": "zwracam",
        "3": "zwraca",
        "4": "zwracają",
        "5": "zwraca",
        "6": "zwraca",
        "7": "zwraca",
        "8": "zwracaj",
        "ip": "zwracano",
        "pp": "zwracan",
        "pp2": "zwracani",
        "vn": "zwracanie"
      },
      "name": "pl-conj-ai"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "zwrotny"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "zwrot"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "zwrotnica"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "zwrotnik"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "to give back, to return (to place back into the original owner's possession)"
      ],
      "id": "en-zwracać-pl-verb-WOz3wbWK",
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "dat<to whom>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with dative ‘to whom’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "words": [
              "dative",
              "‘to",
              "whom’"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "give back",
          "give back"
        ],
        [
          "return",
          "return"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(ditransitive) to give back, to return (to place back into the original owner's possession) [with dative ‘to whom’]"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "oddawać"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "ditransitive",
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "8 10 7 4 8 9 5 9 5 7 6 7 6 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish terms prefixed with z-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 21 7 2 9 4 5 21 6 10 2 3 2 5",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Medical signs and symptoms",
          "orig": "pl:Medical signs and symptoms",
          "parents": [
            "Health",
            "Medicine",
            "Body",
            "Biology",
            "Healthcare",
            "All topics",
            "Sciences",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to turn in, to pay (to give a sum of money owed to a company, person, or institution)"
      ],
      "id": "en-zwracać-pl-verb-MwOpDyOp",
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "dat<to whom>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with dative ‘to whom’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "words": [
              "dative",
              "‘to",
              "whom’"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "turn in",
          "turn in"
        ],
        [
          "pay",
          "pay"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to turn in, to pay (to give a sum of money owed to a company, person, or institution) [with dative ‘to whom’]"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "to give back, to return (to give a purchased item back to a store in the hopes to regain the money spent)"
      ],
      "id": "en-zwracać-pl-verb-BVlhKGza",
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": ":do(gen)<to what store>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with do (+ genitive) ‘to what store’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "words": [
              "do",
              "(+",
              "genitive)",
              "‘to",
              "what",
              "store’"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "give back",
          "give back"
        ],
        [
          "return",
          "return"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to give back, to return (to give a purchased item back to a store in the hopes to regain the money spent) [with do (+ genitive) ‘to what store’]"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "to turn, to shift, to swing (to change one's direction)"
      ],
      "id": "en-zwracać-pl-verb-4piy-cNR",
      "links": [
        [
          "turn",
          "turn"
        ],
        [
          "shift",
          "shift"
        ],
        [
          "swing",
          "swing"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to turn, to shift, to swing (to change one's direction)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "odwracać"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "8 10 7 4 8 9 5 9 5 7 6 7 6 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish terms prefixed with z-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to vomit, to throw up"
      ],
      "id": "en-zwracać-pl-verb-E9hwbPOi",
      "links": [
        [
          "vomit",
          "vomit"
        ],
        [
          "throw up",
          "throw up"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to vomit, to throw up"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "wymiotować"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "8 10 7 4 8 9 5 9 5 7 6 7 6 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish terms prefixed with z-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to give back, to return, to restore (to cause someone to regain something immaterial)"
      ],
      "id": "en-zwracać-pl-verb-HJvk5uMY",
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "dat<to whom>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with dative ‘to whom’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "words": [
              "dative",
              "‘to",
              "whom’"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "give back",
          "give back"
        ],
        [
          "return",
          "return"
        ],
        [
          "restore",
          "restore"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(ditransitive) to give back, to return, to restore (to cause someone to regain something immaterial) [with dative ‘to whom’]"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "ditransitive",
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Computing",
          "orig": "pl:Computing",
          "parents": [
            "Technology",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to return (to pass data back to the calling procedure)"
      ],
      "id": "en-zwracać-pl-verb-BN03RaN0",
      "links": [
        [
          "computing",
          "computing#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "return",
          "return"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, computing) to return (to pass data back to the calling procedure)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "transitive"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "computing",
        "engineering",
        "mathematics",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "4 6 9 2 5 5 10 28 2 16 3 3 2 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 3 9 2 4 3 7 36 2 19 2 3 2 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 9 8 1 5 5 10 28 2 16 3 2 2 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 10 7 4 8 9 5 9 5 7 6 7 6 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish terms prefixed with z-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 11 7 1 8 5 8 30 4 13 2 2 1 4",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Bodily fluids",
          "orig": "pl:Bodily fluids",
          "parents": [
            "Body parts",
            "Liquids",
            "Body",
            "Anatomy",
            "Matter",
            "All topics",
            "Biology",
            "Medicine",
            "Chemistry",
            "Nature",
            "Fundamental",
            "Sciences",
            "Healthcare",
            "Health"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 21 7 2 9 4 5 21 6 10 2 3 2 5",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Medical signs and symptoms",
          "orig": "pl:Medical signs and symptoms",
          "parents": [
            "Health",
            "Medicine",
            "Body",
            "Biology",
            "Healthcare",
            "All topics",
            "Sciences",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to be returned, to be given back (to give someone paid costs)"
      ],
      "id": "en-zwracać-pl-verb-0h7WZgHz",
      "links": [
        [
          "się",
          "się#Polish"
        ],
        [
          "return",
          "return"
        ],
        [
          "given back",
          "give back"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive with się) to be returned, to be given back (to give someone paid costs)"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with się"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "wracać się"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "obracać się"
        },
        {
          "word": "odwracać się"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "to turn (to point one's body or more specifically one's head in some direction)"
      ],
      "id": "en-zwracać-pl-verb-O2xnT28g",
      "links": [
        [
          "się",
          "się#Polish"
        ],
        [
          "turn",
          "turn"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive with się) to turn (to point one's body or more specifically one's head in some direction)"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with się"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "to turn to, to address (to begin speaking to someone)"
      ],
      "id": "en-zwracać-pl-verb-4MZoI~wC",
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": ":do(gen)<to whom>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with do (+ genitive) ‘to whom’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "words": [
              "do",
              "(+",
              "genitive)",
              "‘to",
              "whom’"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "się",
          "się#Polish"
        ],
        [
          "turn to",
          "turn to"
        ],
        [
          "address",
          "address"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive with się) to turn to, to address (to begin speaking to someone) [with do (+ genitive) ‘to whom’]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with się"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "odzywać się"
        },
        {
          "word": "oyzwać"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "to turn to (to direct a request)"
      ],
      "id": "en-zwracać-pl-verb-ZUtSzgGJ",
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": ":do(gen)<to whom>",
            "3": ";",
            "4": ":po(acc)/:o(acc)<for what>",
            "5": ":żeby(inf/past-cl)<to do what>",
            "6": ";",
            "7": ":z(ins)<with what>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with do (+ genitive) ‘to whom’; in addition, with po (+ accusative) or o (+ accusative) ‘for what’; or with żeby (+ infinitive or past-tense clause) ‘to do what’; in addition, with z (+ instrumental) ‘with what’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "tags": [
              "with po (+ accusative)",
              "with z (+ instrumental) ‘with what’",
              "with żeby (+ infinitive"
            ],
            "words": [
              "do",
              "(+",
              "genitive)",
              "‘to",
              "whom’;",
              "in",
              "addition",
              "o",
              "(+",
              "accusative)",
              "‘for",
              "what’;",
              "past-tense",
              "clause)",
              "‘to",
              "do",
              "what’;",
              "in",
              "addition"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "się",
          "się#Polish"
        ],
        [
          "turn to",
          "turn to"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive with się) to turn to (to direct a request) [with do (+ genitive) ‘to whom’; in addition, with po (+ accusative) or o (+ accusative) ‘for what’; or with żeby (+ infinitive or past-tense clause) ‘to do what’; in addition, with z (+ instrumental) ‘with what’]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with się"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "to turn against (to work or act against someone)"
      ],
      "id": "en-zwracać-pl-verb-fgJFLbA3",
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": ":przeciwko(dat)<against whom/what>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with przeciwko (+ dative) ‘against whom/what’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "words": [
              "przeciwko",
              "(+",
              "dative)",
              "‘against",
              "whom/what’"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "się",
          "się#Polish"
        ],
        [
          "turn against",
          "turn against"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive with się) to turn against (to work or act against someone) [with przeciwko (+ dative) ‘against whom/what’]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with się"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "to turn to (to become interested in)"
      ],
      "id": "en-zwracać-pl-verb-~m7xdV8x",
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": ":do(gen)/:ku(dat)<to what>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with do (+ genitive) or ku (+ dative) ‘to what’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "words": [
              "do",
              "(+",
              "genitive)",
              "ku",
              "(+",
              "dative)",
              "‘to",
              "what’"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "się",
          "się#Polish"
        ],
        [
          "turn to",
          "turn to"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive with się) to turn to (to become interested in) [with do (+ genitive) or ku (+ dative) ‘to what’]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with się"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "8 10 7 4 8 9 5 9 5 7 6 7 6 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish terms prefixed with z-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to turn around (to change one's direction)"
      ],
      "id": "en-zwracać-pl-verb-M0bTeNYC",
      "links": [
        [
          "się",
          "się#Polish"
        ],
        [
          "turn around",
          "turn around"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive with się, obsolete) to turn around (to change one's direction)"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with się"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "obsolete",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈzvra.t͡sat͡ɕ/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-at͡sat͡ɕ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "zwracać"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Polish 2-syllable words",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish imperfective verbs",
    "Polish lemmas",
    "Polish terms prefixed with z-",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
    "Polish verbs",
    "Rhymes:Polish/at͡sat͡ɕ",
    "Rhymes:Polish/at͡sat͡ɕ/2 syllables",
    "pl:Bodily fluids",
    "pl:Medical signs and symptoms"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "zwracać słowo"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "zwrócić słowo"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "zwracać uwagę"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "zwrócić uwagę"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "z-",
        "3": "wracać"
      },
      "expansion": "z- + wracać",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From z- + wracać.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "zwrócić",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-conj-ai-am,asz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracamy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracasz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracacie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwraca",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracają",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwraca się",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "impersonal",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracałem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m zwracał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracałam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m zwracała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracałom",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m zwracało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracaliśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)śmy zwracali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracałyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)śmy zwracały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracałeś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś zwracał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracałaś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś zwracała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracałoś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś zwracało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracaliście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ście zwracali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracałyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ście zwracały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "impersonal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będę zwracał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będę zwracać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będę zwracała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będę zwracać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będę zwracało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będę zwracać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziemy zwracali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziemy zwracać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziemy zwracały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziemy zwracać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziesz zwracał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziesz zwracać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziesz zwracała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziesz zwracać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziesz zwracało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziesz zwracać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziecie zwracali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziecie zwracać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziecie zwracały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziecie zwracać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będzie zwracał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będzie zwracać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będzie zwracała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będzie zwracać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będzie zwracało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będzie zwracać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będą zwracali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będą zwracać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będą zwracały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będą zwracać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będzie zwracać się",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "impersonal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracałbym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym zwracał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracałabym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym zwracała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracałobym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym zwracało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracalibyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byśmy zwracali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracałybyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byśmy zwracały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracałbyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś zwracał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracałabyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś zwracała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracałobyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś zwracało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracalibyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byście zwracali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracałybyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byście zwracały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracałby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by zwracał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracałaby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by zwracała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracałoby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by zwracało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracaliby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by zwracali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracałyby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by zwracały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracano by",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "impersonal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech zwracam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracajmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracaj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracajcie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech zwraca",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech zwracają",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracający",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "adjectival",
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracająca",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "adjectival",
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracające",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "adjectival",
        "neuter",
        "participle",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracający",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "adjectival",
        "participle",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracające",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "adjectival",
        "nonvirile",
        "participle",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracany",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracana",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracane",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "neuter",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracani",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracane",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "nonvirile",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracając",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "contemporary",
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zwracanie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "impf",
        "pf": "zwrócić"
      },
      "expansion": "zwracać impf (perfective zwrócić)",
      "name": "pl-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "zwra‧cać"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zwraca",
        "2": "pp"
      },
      "name": "pl-conj-ai-am,asz"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zwracać",
        "2": "zwracam",
        "3": "zwraca",
        "4": "zwracają",
        "5": "zwraca",
        "6": "zwraca",
        "7": "zwraca",
        "8": "zwracaj",
        "ip": "zwracano",
        "pp": "zwracan",
        "pp2": "zwracani",
        "vn": "zwracanie"
      },
      "name": "pl-conj-ai"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "zwrotny"
    },
    {
      "word": "zwrot"
    },
    {
      "word": "zwrotnica"
    },
    {
      "word": "zwrotnik"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish ditransitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to give back, to return (to place back into the original owner's possession)"
      ],
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "dat<to whom>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with dative ‘to whom’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "words": [
              "dative",
              "‘to",
              "whom’"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "give back",
          "give back"
        ],
        [
          "return",
          "return"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(ditransitive) to give back, to return (to place back into the original owner's possession) [with dative ‘to whom’]"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "oddawać"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "ditransitive",
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to turn in, to pay (to give a sum of money owed to a company, person, or institution)"
      ],
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "dat<to whom>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with dative ‘to whom’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "words": [
              "dative",
              "‘to",
              "whom’"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "turn in",
          "turn in"
        ],
        [
          "pay",
          "pay"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to turn in, to pay (to give a sum of money owed to a company, person, or institution) [with dative ‘to whom’]"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to give back, to return (to give a purchased item back to a store in the hopes to regain the money spent)"
      ],
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": ":do(gen)<to what store>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with do (+ genitive) ‘to what store’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "words": [
              "do",
              "(+",
              "genitive)",
              "‘to",
              "what",
              "store’"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "give back",
          "give back"
        ],
        [
          "return",
          "return"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to give back, to return (to give a purchased item back to a store in the hopes to regain the money spent) [with do (+ genitive) ‘to what store’]"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to turn, to shift, to swing (to change one's direction)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "turn",
          "turn"
        ],
        [
          "shift",
          "shift"
        ],
        [
          "swing",
          "swing"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to turn, to shift, to swing (to change one's direction)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "odwracać"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to vomit, to throw up"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "vomit",
          "vomit"
        ],
        [
          "throw up",
          "throw up"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to vomit, to throw up"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "wymiotować"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish ditransitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to give back, to return, to restore (to cause someone to regain something immaterial)"
      ],
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "dat<to whom>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with dative ‘to whom’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "words": [
              "dative",
              "‘to",
              "whom’"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "give back",
          "give back"
        ],
        [
          "return",
          "return"
        ],
        [
          "restore",
          "restore"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(ditransitive) to give back, to return, to restore (to cause someone to regain something immaterial) [with dative ‘to whom’]"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "ditransitive",
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish transitive verbs",
        "pl:Computing"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to return (to pass data back to the calling procedure)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "computing",
          "computing#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "return",
          "return"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, computing) to return (to pass data back to the calling procedure)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "transitive"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "computing",
        "engineering",
        "mathematics",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish reflexive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to be returned, to be given back (to give someone paid costs)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "się",
          "się#Polish"
        ],
        [
          "return",
          "return"
        ],
        [
          "given back",
          "give back"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive with się) to be returned, to be given back (to give someone paid costs)"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with się"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "wracać się"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "obracać się"
        },
        {
          "word": "odwracać się"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Polish reflexive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to turn (to point one's body or more specifically one's head in some direction)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "się",
          "się#Polish"
        ],
        [
          "turn",
          "turn"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive with się) to turn (to point one's body or more specifically one's head in some direction)"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with się"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish reflexive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to turn to, to address (to begin speaking to someone)"
      ],
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": ":do(gen)<to whom>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with do (+ genitive) ‘to whom’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "words": [
              "do",
              "(+",
              "genitive)",
              "‘to",
              "whom’"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "się",
          "się#Polish"
        ],
        [
          "turn to",
          "turn to"
        ],
        [
          "address",
          "address"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive with się) to turn to, to address (to begin speaking to someone) [with do (+ genitive) ‘to whom’]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with się"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "odzywać się"
        },
        {
          "word": "oyzwać"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish reflexive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to turn to (to direct a request)"
      ],
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": ":do(gen)<to whom>",
            "3": ";",
            "4": ":po(acc)/:o(acc)<for what>",
            "5": ":żeby(inf/past-cl)<to do what>",
            "6": ";",
            "7": ":z(ins)<with what>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with do (+ genitive) ‘to whom’; in addition, with po (+ accusative) or o (+ accusative) ‘for what’; or with żeby (+ infinitive or past-tense clause) ‘to do what’; in addition, with z (+ instrumental) ‘with what’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "tags": [
              "with po (+ accusative)",
              "with z (+ instrumental) ‘with what’",
              "with żeby (+ infinitive"
            ],
            "words": [
              "do",
              "(+",
              "genitive)",
              "‘to",
              "whom’;",
              "in",
              "addition",
              "o",
              "(+",
              "accusative)",
              "‘for",
              "what’;",
              "past-tense",
              "clause)",
              "‘to",
              "do",
              "what’;",
              "in",
              "addition"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "się",
          "się#Polish"
        ],
        [
          "turn to",
          "turn to"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive with się) to turn to (to direct a request) [with do (+ genitive) ‘to whom’; in addition, with po (+ accusative) or o (+ accusative) ‘for what’; or with żeby (+ infinitive or past-tense clause) ‘to do what’; in addition, with z (+ instrumental) ‘with what’]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with się"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish reflexive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to turn against (to work or act against someone)"
      ],
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": ":przeciwko(dat)<against whom/what>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with przeciwko (+ dative) ‘against whom/what’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "words": [
              "przeciwko",
              "(+",
              "dative)",
              "‘against",
              "whom/what’"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "się",
          "się#Polish"
        ],
        [
          "turn against",
          "turn against"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive with się) to turn against (to work or act against someone) [with przeciwko (+ dative) ‘against whom/what’]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with się"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish reflexive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to turn to (to become interested in)"
      ],
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": ":do(gen)/:ku(dat)<to what>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with do (+ genitive) or ku (+ dative) ‘to what’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "words": [
              "do",
              "(+",
              "genitive)",
              "ku",
              "(+",
              "dative)",
              "‘to",
              "what’"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "się",
          "się#Polish"
        ],
        [
          "turn to",
          "turn to"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive with się) to turn to (to become interested in) [with do (+ genitive) or ku (+ dative) ‘to what’]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with się"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish reflexive verbs",
        "Polish terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to turn around (to change one's direction)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "się",
          "się#Polish"
        ],
        [
          "turn around",
          "turn around"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive with się, obsolete) to turn around (to change one's direction)"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with się"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "obsolete",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈzvra.t͡sat͡ɕ/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-at͡sat͡ɕ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "zwracać"
}

Download raw JSONL data for zwracać meaning in All languages combined (20.8kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.